Can ovulation occur during pregnancy?

Ovulation is the threshold of conception and pregnancy. This is the period of maturation of the female sexual egg. There is no ovulation process — there is no pregnancy. Can ovulation occur during pregnancy? Does clomid help ovulation?

When an egg Matures in the follicle of the female ovary, it leaves it and goes through the fallopian tubes to the uterine cavity. This process is called ovulation and means the readiness of the woman’s body to conceive. Against this background, hormonal changes occur, which are accompanied by painful and aching sensations in the lower abdomen, thick vaginal discharge. It is during ovulation that a female egg can be fertilized by a male sperm during sexual intercourse. If this did not happen, conception did not take place, then it is removed from the body after a while. This is the period of menstruation — the beginning of the menstrual cycle.

Can ovulation occur during pregnancy?

When an egg is fertilized by a sperm during ovulation, it moves up the fallopian tube again and attaches to the wall of the uterus. Pregnancy occurs, the embryo develops. It is logical that the female body directs all its forces to the healthy bearing of the baby. At the same time, for 9 months, the eggs no longer Mature. It is so arranged by nature that after the onset of an “interesting” position, ovulation can harm the woman and the embryo.

Once fertilization has already occurred, the production of new eggs is no longer needed by the woman’s reproductive system. Her body is rebuilt: the ovaries do not produce eggs, the cervix is blocked by a specific mucous membrane, and sperm can no longer show activity in it.

Ovulation occur during pregnancy – Exception to the rule

If we still assume that ovulation during pregnancy is possible and a new conception can occur, then the fetal egg simply cannot attach to the uterus, because the embryo is already developing there.

There are no rules without exceptions. Therefore, sometimes the process of ovulation occurs when carrying a baby. But only in the first month of pregnancy. At its early stage, there is a possibility of a second egg coming out of the ovary and fertilizing it. To date, several cases of re-fertilization after pregnancy are known. But these are the rarest exceptions to the rule. That is, a woman can not bear two embryos at the same time with different terms of conception. A multiple pregnancy is the carrying of two or three babies conceived at the same time. They are born in the process of one birth, one after another.

About ovulation tests

Today, they help couples who want to have a child and try to determine whether the female body is maturing eggs, use the optimal day for conception.

All ovulation tests are based on the same principle. Their effect is to change the color of the indicator strip as a result of getting luteinizing hormone. Its level during ovulation is the highest, which is what the test responds to. So can it happen that a pregnant woman’s ovulation test will show a positive result? Practice shows that this is excluded. Such a test cannot be positive for the expectant mother. However, the same practice confirms that due to their inattention, many representatives of the weaker sex use a different test — for pregnancy. That’s why the result is positive. And this is quite natural. After all, the task of such a diagnostic method is to confirm the “interesting” position. It is confirmed by the presence in the blood of the pregnancy hormone-chorionic gonadotropin. The indicator strip of the pregnancy test responds to its presence.

The ovulation test can be false positive, that is, unreliable, in some cases. We are talking about kidney failure, hormonal dysfunction of the body, postmenopause. Then it is possible to increase the level of luteinizing hormone in the blood.

So, the onset of ovulation in pregnant women is impossible, so it is already laid down by nature. Therefore, during this period, during intimate relationships, contraceptives are no longer used— there is no need for them.

Clomiphene and ovulation

Clomiphene (clomiphene citrate), commonly known under the brand names Clostilbegit and Clomid – is a drug that is prescribed for ovulation and fertility disorders. This pharmacological agent can be used by women who do not ovulate, as well as those who have a lack of luteal phase. LH (luteinizing) and FSH (follicle-stimulating) are hormones that control the ovulation process. Various clinical and scientific studies have provided statistics that consumption of clomiphene stimulates the pituitary gland to produce more of these all-important hormones to normalize ovulation.

In modern times, clomiphene, discovered back in 1956, and ovulation continue to be closely related, as the drug has proven effective for ovarian stimulation and is therefore widely used for this purpose. Other drugs that also stimulate the process of egg release from the follicle are bromocriptine and metformin.

How does clomiphene work?

the body’s cells exchange information through substances such as hormones and neurotransmitters (neurotransmitters). they come into contact with the receptors of various tissues to cause a chemical reaction.

Clomiphene and ovulation

The mode of action and mechanism of the drug are quite similar to the female sex hormone-estrogen. Similarly, clomiphene comes into contact with a receptor present in the hypothalamus (an endocrine gland located in the brain). the drug blocks estrogen from showing its biological properties, while the body believes that this hormone is not enough. this automatically causes the body to produce more gnrh (gonadoliberin), which in turn causes the release of lh and fsh. In fact, FSH helps in the maturation process of follicles (or potential eggs) and therefore produces more estrogen. If clostilbegyt operates so that ovulation occurs more frequently.

How effective is it?

According to statistics, 70% of women report positive results within 6 months after the start of using the product, as evidenced by the solution of issues with ovulation. In addition, about 40% of women are reported to be able to conceive a child after starting treatment. There are several other factors that can affect the chances of getting pregnant, such as a woman’s age and weight. In addition, the period of the menstrual cycle, the frequency of sexual intercourse and male factors such as mobility, speed, shape and number of sperm can also influence the ability to get pregnant. The doctor may increase the dose over time to increase the chances of conceiving a child, as a low dose may not be sufficient for some patients.

Clomiphene and ovulation: what are the side effects?

In addition to the positive effect of clomiphene, as with many other drugs, there may be some side effects:

  • Breast sensitivity;
  • Significant weight gain;
  • Blurred and blurred vision;
  • Changes in normal sleep quality and rhythm;
  • Abdominal pain;
  • Mood swings;
  • Severe bleeding during menstruation;
  • Spotting;
  • Sensations of a rush of heat;
  • Nausea;

Another side effect of clomiphene is dryness of the cervical mucosa, which can affect the quality of sexual intercourse; however, this defect can be compensated by the use of vaginal lubrication.

As a side effect, OHSS (ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome) may occur. This condition is characterized by a reversible increase (edema) of the ovaries due to an active reaction of the body to hormones and is quite common (> 10% of women). OHSS should be suspected if excessive flatulence or bloating occurs. This can be a serious problem, but usually ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome that occurs due to the use of clostylbegit is a mild condition that goes away on its own. The severity of OHSS may increase if you take HCG (another fertility medication).

Clomiphene can lead to multiple ovulation, hence increasing the likelihood of twins (10% of births instead of – 1% without it) and triplets.

Some studies have shown that clomiphene, when used for more than a year, can increase the risk of ovarian cancer. Subsequent studies have not confirmed these findings, so we can not speak confidently about this.

According to statistics, the incidence of fetal diseases with the use of clomiphene does not exceed the level that is observed in conception without it. There are no data indicating a higher number of congenital abnormalities or spontaneous abortions after using this drug. although there are also studies that show that the number of congenital heart abnormalities is significantly higher with its use than with its counterpart for ovarian stimulation – letrozole.

Sexual acts when taking clomiphene

The period and frequency of sexual acts when using the drug is not much different from trying to get pregnant without any medication. The ideal time is considered to be two days before and after ovulation, so that the chances of pregnancy increase. The cycles of egg release from the ovary can vary, as in some women they are longer, while in others they are shorter. The ovulation period may even differ from cycle to cycle in the same woman. You can be disappointed if you get too hung up on conception, so it’s better to just relax and try to implement interesting ideas in the bedroom.

Estrogens: what are “female” hormones for?

Hormones are biologically active substances of organic nature that are produced by the endocrine glands. Entering the blood, hormones have a regulating effect on the entire body, in particular, on metabolism and physiological functions. One of the most important hormones is estrogen. What does estrogen affect and what can its lack and overabundance lead to?

Estrogen – what is this hormone?

The term “estrogen” refers to a whole subclass of steroid female sex hormones, which are produced mainly by the ovarian follicular apparatus. There are three types of estrogens: estradiol, estriol, and estrone. By the way, such hormones are also found in the male body, where the testicles, adrenal cortex and extra-gonadal tissues are responsible for their production. But as in men the hormone estrogen is produced in minimal numbers, they are considered to be female.

What is the hormone oestrogen responsible for in women:

  • Development and functioning of the reproductive system. Estrogen stimulates the development of the uterus and fallopian tubes, as well as the vagina, stroma, and ductal mammary glands. Thanks to the female hormones estrogen, girls in adolescence have secondary sexual characteristics and menstruation begins — it is estrogen that contributes to the regular rejection of the endometrium from the uterus.
  • The circulatory system. The hormone estrogen increases the concentration of iron, copper and thyroxine in the blood. In addition, it has an anti-sclerotic effect, increases the amount of high-density lipoproteins in the plasma, which reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and various diseases of the cardiovascular system. Also, the “female” hormone reduces the content of low-density lipoproteins, which are one of the main carriers of cholesterol.
  • Growth and restoration of bone tissue. Estrogen in the body prevents the leaching of calcium, protects joint tissue and stimulates the recovery of bone cells.
  • Elasticity of the skin. “Female” hormone helps to activate the production of collagen, which determines the elasticity of the skin.
  • Memory and psychoemotional state. Estrogen receptors are concentrated in areas of the brain that are responsible for information assimilation, as well as mood and emotions.

In short, estrogen is a key factor in maintaining women’s health and beauty. By the way, it also affects women’s libido, which is also very important for a happy life. This hormone is directly related to the General well-being of the fair sex. A woman with normal levels of the hormone estrogen is less irritable, she does not have edema, unreasonable headaches and problems with excess weight.

What can lead to a lack or overabundance of estrogen

As it is already clear, the level of estrogen in the blood directly affects the physical and psychological state of a woman, so it is very important to monitor this indicator and take measures for any imbalance.

The consequences of the fall in estrogen levels:

  • various pains, mainly headache and heart, as well as pain in the lower back, back;
  • deterioration of thermoregulation, in particular, hot flashes;
  • bone fragility;
  • vasoconstriction;
  • memory impairment;
  • appearance of wrinkles;
  • fluctuations in the emotional background.

With an excess of estrogens in women, there are:

There are several reasons for reducing and increasing estrogen in a woman’s body. This may be a disorder of the functioning of the pituitary gland, an unbalanced diet, too high physical activity, menopause and the period preceding it.

Excess estrogen is rare, usually it is necessary to correct the lack of this hormone. The most common cause is age-related changes in the female body that begin after the age of 40. Unfortunately, it is impossible to avoid them and ensure eternal youth, but there are ways to slow down such processes.

estrogen

What can I do if the hormone is not enough?

The lack of natural hormones can be partially compensated by taking phytoestrogens. These are natural substances of plant origin. The most studied of these is genistein. It shows similar activity to natural hormones, helps to strengthen bones by maintaining the processes of formation and mineralization of bone tissue, plays an important role in maintaining joint health by regulating metabolic processes in the cells of articular cartilage. By the way, bone mineralization also reduces the risk of a dangerous disease-osteoporosis.

Clomid and bodybuilding

Clomid and bodybuilding – Antiestrogens play a very important role in strength sports. These are substances that an athlete should always have, especially when taking exogenous hormones. Their main purpose is to restore the hormonal background after a course of AAS. The problem is that after a course of taking steroids, the level of your own testosterone is very low, and the level of female hormones is quite high. Antiestrogens perform two very important functions: they reduce the nature of the action of estrogens in the athlete’s body, block the receptors and stimulate the production of LH and FSH, which quickly leads to optimization of the level of their own testosterone in athletes.

Clomid: Pharmacological action

Clomid is a drug with an anti-estrogenic effect.

Their mechanism of action is based on blocking the perception of estrogen by the ovarian and hypothalamus receptors. There is an increase in the secretion of lutein and follicle-stimulating hormone.

Due to this, the maturation process and the hormonal function of the follicle begins to activate.

The result of using the drug is the stimulation of ovulation and an increase in the amount of estradiol in the General bloodstream.

About Clomid

Clomid (synonyms – clomiphene citrate, clomiphene, clostylbegit) is a synthetic drug of non-steroidal structure from the group of anti-estrogenic triphenylethylenes. It is classified as a selective modulator of estrogen receptors with dual properties: agonistic and antagonistic. This is due to the fact that in some cases clomid blocks the action of estrogen, affecting directly the receptors, and in others it activates the receptors, i.e. it acts in the body’s tissues as a real estrogen. If the body contains a low concentration of estrogens, then clomid shows a moderate estrogenic effect, but if it is increased, it has an anti-estrogenic effect. In this case, the drug does not have androgenic or gestagenic activity.

Clomid and bodybuilding

Initially, the drug was intended for women to stimulate ovulation in infertility due to hypothalamic-pituitary ovarian disorders. The effect of the drug is designed to block estrogen receptors in the ovaries and hypothalamus, increase the secretion of gonadotropins in the pituitary gland and increase the concentration of estradiol in the blood.

Clomid and bodybuilding

The drug is extremely popular in the field of bodybuilding, powerlifting and weightlifting. In male athletes, clomid acts as an antiestrogen due to its ability to block the effects of estrogens on the hypothalamus, which triggers a chain reaction:

  • stimulates the production of gonadoliberin (GnRH);
  • increases the production of luteinizing hormone by the pituitary gland;
  • raises the level of hormones that stimulate the testicles;
  • increases the production of testosterone by the testes.

Since clomid acts directly on the pituitary gland, it provokes an increase in the production of natural (natural) testosterone. This is why clomid is essential for bodybuilders taking anabolic steroids. The drug is especially necessary at the end of the course, because after stopping taking steroids, athletes have a decrease in the production of natural testosterone and a decrease in its concentration in the body.

If you do not restore the normal level of testosterone, it is fraught with negative consequences, in particular, significant losses of muscle volume and strength characteristics. The absence or insufficient level of androgens (in particular testosterone) gives dominant advantages to the catabolic hormone cortisol. It directly affects the protein synthesis in muscle cells and triggers a catabolic metabolism. Among bodybuilders, this process is called post-steroid breakdown, because it can destroy almost all the created muscles. Taking clomid can prevent this process.

In addition, usually at the end of the cycle, almost all athletes also face the problem of an overabundance of estrogen. The combination of “an increased concentration of estrogen plus a reduced amount of testosterone” significantly increases the risk of developing gynecomastia in bodybuilders. Taking clomid allows you to simultaneously solve both of these problems.

Basically, clomid is very effective in bodybuilding, because its property to lower the activity of estrogens in the body warns:

  • development of gynecomastia;
  • the deposition of fat and formation of fatty folds;
  • accumulation of fluid in the body.

Clomid is similar in its characteristics to nolvadex (tamoxifen), in principle, both of these drugs are interchangeable. What to take is preferable, only the athlete can decide based on a comparative analysis: contraindications, side effects and pricing policy.

Very often, clomid is used together with Proviron, since this combination is considered the most effective for reducing the manifestation of aromatase and increasing the ratio of androgens to estrogens.

Clomid and bodybuilding dosage and administration features

To consolidate the results and stimulate the production of natural testosterone, it is necessary to take clomid at a dose of 50-100 mg daily. This amount is enough to return the normal level of testosterone in the body within two to three weeks of taking it. It is undesirable to use clomid for more than 4-6 weeks in a row.

Since clomid can not sharply raise the level of testosterone (the drug is characterized by a gradual rise), it is recommended to introduce it directly at the end of the course and during the recovery period, and for a sharp increase in the androgen hormone and its increased production by the body, take it in combination with anabolic steroids HCG (human gonadotropin).

HCG should not be taken for more than three weeks, as excessively high levels of testosterone and estrogen can cause the opposite effect. Clomid should continue to be taken after the end of the HCG course.

Some experts recommend using a slightly different dosage and regimen for the “correct” exit from a long course of strong steroids. In the first days of the recovery period, clomid is taken at an increased dose 150-300 mg daily, then for about two weeks — 100 mg, and then until the end of the course — 50 mg daily.

Clomid for men

For men, the drug is prescribed for lack of testosterone as hormone replacement therapy. This condition can overtake any man at any age.

At the same time, the drug Clomid eliminates other problems that have occurred against the background of hypogonadism:

  • Energy depletion;
  • State of depression;
  • Loss of vitality;
  • Muscle atrophy;
  • Pain in the muscles;
  • Lower libido;
  • Erectile dysfunction;
  • Body weight gain;
  • Osteopenia;
  • Osteoporosis;
  • Anemia of a moderate nature;
  • The possibility of developing Alzheimer’s syndrome/neoplasms in the prostate.

The drug Clomid is used in combination with other medications for gynecomastia.

Pregnancy after 45 years and chances of giving birth

Many doctors believe that pregnant after 45 years is not the best time to conceive a child, even dangerous. Others support women who become pregnant after 43, and believe that this is the most appropriate time to conceive a child. With late pregnancy, a reliable Foundation is laid that allows you to give birth to a healthy child.

Before you figure out whether you can still get pregnant in 40 years from the first time, a woman should understand what the psychological, biological and calendar age is. Each organism is different, so later fertilization is only on the calendar, and for health reasons just right. If a woman at 44 feels the strength and desire to become a mother, you need to use the moment.

Features of ovulation after 40 years

Age is one of the main factors affecting a woman’s ability to conceive. The supply of oocytes in the body is limited. It lays at the stage of embryonic development. Some of the eggs die in adolescence. The remaining oocytes are consumed with each menstrual cycle. Therefore, by the age of 40, there are very few eggs left. The work of the reproductive organs during this period changes dramatically. This affects the overall well-being of a woman.

pregnant after 45 years

Ovulation after 40 years is much less common than at a younger age. This is due to a physiological decrease in the level of estrogens in the body. The hormone is responsible for the maturation of eggs and increasing the thickness of the endometrium. In addition, it is responsible for preserving youth. When the production of estrogens is disrupted, there is a change in the duration of the menstrual cycle. In some women, it completely disappears. Lack of estrogen in the body is accompanied by the following signs:

  • Deterioration of skin elasticity;
  • Frequent mood swings;
  • Depression libido;
  • Changes in the nature of selections.

Life expectancy of an egg after ovulation in a woman’s body after 40 years

Doctors say that ovulation after 40 years rarely leads to a successful pregnancy.

This is due to a reduction in the life span of the egg after it leaves the follicular walls. Until the age of 40, it lives an average of 24-48 hours. This figure decreases markedly with age. Pregnancy in this case becomes possible if the man’s spermatozoa are active enough. In other cases, you may need the help of specialists.

Pregnant after 45 years: Symptoms of ovulation

In General, ovulation after 40 years has no special distinctive features. It runs the same way as before. Some women do not notice any characteristic symptoms of the fertile period. It may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

  • Increased sexual desire;
  • Heaviness in one of the ovaries;
  • Flatulence;
  • Increasing the volume of vaginal secretions and changing their consistency;
  • The increased sensitivity of the mammary glands;
  • Increased sense of smell and taste.

When fertility increases, the position of the uterus changes. It rises high in the vagina and becomes softer. The throat opens slightly. This is necessary for unhindered penetration of seminal fluid into the genital tract. At the same time, the basal temperature index decreases.

An ovulation test helps you get more information. It responds to an increase in the hormone LH in the body. But the result should be interpreted in conjunction with other signs of ovulation. LH can increase not only during the fertile period, but also in the presence of gynecological diseases.

After the expected ovulation, the woman should visit the ultrasound again. The fact that the follicle has successfully ruptured is indicated by its disappearance and the presence of fluid behind the uterine cavity. In place of the follicle, a yellow body appears, which is characterized by uneven outlines. The absence of characteristic signs of the ovulatory period indicates luteinization of the follicle. This problem requires adjustment of the hormonal background with medication.

Choosing the right sex position

  • Missionary. The classic position, the man during sexual intercourse is on top, the woman lies on her back. The ejaculate is actually immediately delivered to the uterine cavity and fertilization will occur faster. The pose is considered universal, suitable for couples of any complexion.
  • Knee-elbow. The woman must kneel with her elbows on the bed, while the husband is behind her. Provides such deep penetration that the sperm immediately passes into the cervix.
  • The General’s posture. The partner lies down on her back, puts her feet on her husband’s shoulders, like shoulder straps.Posture to achieve the optimal penetration depth and thrills.

Clomid and pregnant after 45 years

Also, do not forget that after consulting with your doctor and his approval for the use of clomid, you can increase your chances of getting pregnant.