Category: Ovulation

Absence of pregnancy – one of the causes of female infertility is premature ovarian failure. In 74% of cases, the only chance to get pregnant is to perform in vitro fertilization using donor oocytes. In this regard, it is relevant to search for new approaches to solving this problem.

The incidence of premature ovarian failure in the female population is 1.5%, and in the structure of secondary amenorrhea-up to 10%. There are several theories that explain the causes of ovarian insufficiency: pre-and post-pubertal destruction of oocytes, chromosomal abnormalities, autoimmune disorders, etc. A typical portrait of a patient: a young girl with the presence of menopausal symptoms, who does not become pregnant against the background of secondary amenorrhea. The diagnostic criteria for insufficiency include oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea for 4-6 months, the level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the blood above 25 IU/l in two studies with an interval of at least four weeks, a decrease in the level of estradiol (E2) and anti-muller hormone (AMH) in the blood.

Hormone replacement therapy is recognized as a pathogenetic approach to treatment. However, at the moment, there are no effective treatment regimens that can improve the prognosis for fertility recovery. An alternative method of treatment is placental therapy with the drug Melsmon.

Clinical case absence of pregnancy

A 22-year-old patient came to the medical center with complaints about the absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) for a year and the absence of pregnancy for four years, a feeling of hot flashes up to ten times a day, hyperhidrosis, decreased libido, lethargy, increased fatigue, shortness of breath, insomnia. The patient has been married for four years, the first marriage, with a regular sexual life in the absence of any methods of contraception, pregnancy in this marriage did not occur. The patient’s husband underwent a study of the state of reproductive health. The male factor of infertility is excluded. Menstruation in a patient from 11 years old, established immediately, duration-five days, after 30 days.

From the anamnesis, it is known about the violation of the menstrual cycle in the form of scanty bloody discharge (oligomenorrhea) and their gradual disappearance. When examined in the mirrors, a fibrous polyp of the cervical canal was found. A hysteroscopy was performed with separate diagnostic curettage and removal of the cervical canal polyp. Histological conclusion: glandular endometrial hyperplasia with elements of polyposis on the background of chronic endometritis. Fibrotic polyp of the cervix. The somatic history is not burdened. No previous tests have been performed for sexually transmitted infections. He has no professional harms or bad habits. For four months, in order to regulate the menstrual cycle, she took Regulon (she did not take the drug clomid), then stopped taking it due to a sharp increase in the body mass index (after the withdrawal of the drug Regulon, the weight returned to its previous values).

When collecting a family history, it turned out that the mother’s menstrual function stopped at the age of 34. Due to the lack of pregnancy, the family is under stress.

Approximately 20% of married couples who have difficulties with conception, this is because, a woman’s ovaries do not produce and release an egg in each menstrual cycle (anovulation). Clomid acts by causing a gland in the brain (the anterior pituitary gland) to release hormones that stimulate ovulation.

It must be remembered that there are many causes of anovulation, so Clomid may not be effective in all cases.

When accepting Clomid, it should be 28-32 days from the beginning of one period to the next. Your ovaries should release the egg 6-12 days after a course of Clomid. You should have sexual intercourse at this time to increase your chances of conception.

If menstruation does not arrive after the 35th day there are two likely possibilities: the dose of Clomid was not enough to get ovulation, or you are pregnant.

If your menstrual period is overdue, contact your doctor who wrote you a prescription for clomid and he will advise you what steps to take.

Before taking Clomid, your doctor should perform a gynecological examination before you start taking the drug. This is necessary in order to ensure that there are no physical conditions that could prevent you from becoming pregnant or that could indicate that Clomid is not the right remedy for you.

Do not take Clomid if you are allergic to any of the ingredients of the drug. Also, do not take Clomid if you are pregnant.

To avoid accidental ingestion in the early stages of pregnancy, you should perform tests during each treatment cycle to determine if ovulation is occurring. You should have a pregnancy test before starting your next course of Clomid therapy.

Tell your doctor immediately if you notice the following side effects:

• nausea or vomiting;
• breast discomfort;
• headache
• insomnia, nervousness, depression, fatigue, dizziness, or delirium
• rash or skin irritation;
• increased frequency of urination;
• hair loss;
• fever;
• vaginal discharge;
• seizures;
• vision problems;
• increased heart rate;
• heartbeat;

In general, the drug is absolutely safe. We wish you good health and a successful conception of the child, even if you are currently experiencing difficulties with conception!

So, how to stimulate ovulation? Problems of the reproductive system of the female body, as you know, can sometimes be solved without surgical intervention. It is enough just to go to the pharmacy for the “magic” pills prescribed by the doctor the day before. And, while your eyes are scattered when choosing medicines, we will help you understand the principle of the most popular of them, and what is the effect of each.

How to stimulate ovulation: Clomid.

Clomid was originally developed as a pilot version of a universal drug for breast cancer, but, failing to meet high expectations, began to be used as a drug to stimulate ovulation among women who want to become pregnant. So, clomid can be recommended by doctors in three cases:

1. If the absence of ovulation is caused by a previously diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome.
2. If infertility does not have a certain genesis, that is, with ideal medical indicators, a woman still does not get pregnant after more than a year of intensive attempts. In this case, clomid is usually used in conjunction with another drug – metformin, which, in turn, increases the level of insulin and promotes ovulation.
3. If in vitro fertilization (IVF, ICSI, etc. ) requires additional guarantees of the success of the procedure. Although from a medical point of view, this use of clomid is not sufficiently justified, many patients personally ask their doctor to include clomid in their treatment course, since this drug is considered effective when it comes to increasing the chances of becoming pregnant.

Studies and many years of experience show that about 80% of women who have problems with ovulation, observe the release of an egg from the ovaries after the first application of clomid. However, only 30% of patients manage to get pregnant immediately after the first cycle. However, a six-month course of clomid use is considered quite optimal, so even if you did not manage to get pregnant after your first use, you still have a good chance of seeing the long-awaited two stripes over the next few months, provided that you follow the medication course.

The chronology of the process of using clomid is very simple. After your doctor has conducted a full medical examination and written out a prescription for the purchase of the drug, you can safely go to the pharmacy. Before use, it is necessary to consult a doctor about the interval of use, but, as a rule, clomid tablets are taken on the third to seventh day of the menstrual cycle. After a week from the beginning of the menstrual cycle, lead an active sexual life, preferably with a break interval of one day, so that your partner has time to accumulate sperm ready for fertilization. If by the tenth day of your menstrual cycle, your cervical mucus has the consistency of egg white, it means that you are on the right track, and that ovulation will occur soon. After another week or two, you can start using pregnancy tests and hope for the best.

The side effects of clomid are insignificant, and do not pose a direct threat to the female body. In the most frequent cases, abdominal pain, insomnia and weight gain are observed. The worst possible development is the appearance of ovarian cysts or the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. However, the chance of such consequences appearing is very, very small.

The duration of the female cycle varies. The most common cycle duration is between 23 and 35 days. The difference in the length of the menstrual cycles, as a rule, concerns the period before ovulation (the so-called follicular or follicular phase). In most women, from ovulation (when the egg comes out of the ovary) to the beginning of menstruation, it takes from 12 to 16 days (the so-called luteal phase).

Phases of the menstrual cycles

Menstruation: The first day of the menstrual cycles is the first day of menstruation (day 1). Menstruation then lasts from 3 to 7 days. Surely, you know that in the presence of menstrual pain, the most severe pain you experience in the first few days of menstruation. This is because your hormones actively promote the rejection of the uterine mucosa that has grown during the previous menstrual cycle.

Preparing for ovulation: At the beginning of your cycle, the pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain, produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This is the main hormone that stimulates the ovaries to produce eggs. Follicles are fluid-filled vesicles in the ovaries. Each follicle contains an immature egg. FSH promotes the maturation of a certain number of follicles and the production of the hormone estrogen. On the first day of menstruation, the estrogen content is at its lowest level. Then it begins to rise along with the maturation of the follicles.

As the follicles develop, usually one of them becomes “dominant”, and in this large follicle the egg matures. At the same time, the growing level of estrogen in the body is responsible for saturating the lining of the uterine cavity with nutrients and blood. This is so that in the event of pregnancy, the fertilized egg will have all the nutrients and support needed for growth. High levels of estrogen also contribute to the formation of mucus, a “sperm-friendly” environment (or scientifically, cervical (cervical) mucus of the fertile phase). Perhaps you have paid attention to not thick sticky discharge, which may have a cloudy whitish hue. Spermatozoa move more easily through this mucus and survive for several days.

Understanding the ovulation cycle

Ovulation: The level of estrogen in the body is steadily increasing, and at some point it leads to a sharp increase in the level of luteinizing hormone (ovulatory surge of LH). The surge of LH leads to the rupture of the dominant follicle and the release of a mature egg from it, which then enters the fallopian tube. This process is called ovulation.

Many women believe that ovulation occurs on day 14, but 14 days is the average, and most women usually ovulate on another day of the menstrual cycle. The day of ovulation differs from cycle to cycle. Some women claim to experience a pain spasm during ovulation, but most women do not feel anything, and ovulation passes without any signs.

After ovulation: After release, the egg moves along the fallopian tube towards the uterus. Its life cycle is up to 24 hours. The life cycle of the sperm is more variable, however, and is usually between 3 and 5 days. Thus, the days immediately preceding ovulation and the day of ovulation itself are the most fertile – it is then that you have the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. Immediately after ovulation, the follicle begins to produce another hormone – progesterone.

Progesterone contributes to the subsequent preparation of the uterine mucosa for the reception of a fertilized egg. Meanwhile, the empty follicle in the ovary begins to shrink, but it continues to produce progesterone and begins to produce estrogen. During this time, you may experience premenstrual tension syndrome (PMS), such as breast soreness, bloating, drowsiness, depression, and irritability.

When using assisted reproductive technologies (ART), as a rule, hormonal drugs (IVF pills) are used. IVF preparations are chemical compounds obtained synthetically, which have the same effect on the body as their own sex hormones.

The drugs are used at the stage of ovulation stimulation, to prepare the endometrium for embryo transfer, as well as to support the luteal phase in early pregnancy.

Below we will look at these medications, but the information on them is in no way a prescription and can not be used by patients on their own without the appointment of the attending physician. Our article is for informational purposes only.

Preparations for ovulation stimulation

Antiestrogens

Clomid (clomiphene, clomiphene citrate, clostylbegite). It is available in tablets of 50 mg. In small doses, it increases the secretion of gonadotropins (prolactin, FSH and LH), stimulates ovulation; in high doses, it inhibits the secretion of gonadotropins. It is used both to stimulate ovulation under the control of ultrasound, and in IVF protocols.

Human Menopausal Gonadotropins

IVF pills: Menopur containing 75ED FSH and 75ED LH (Ferring, Germany). Currently, there is a Menopur-Multidose containing 1200 units of FSH and 1200 UNITS of LC, with the ability to dose the drug using a convenient handle.

Menogon containing 75ED FSH and 75ED LH (Ferring, Germany).

Alterpur-urofollitropin (FSH) , available in doses of 75 and 150 IU; (Ibsa, Switzerland). e

Merional (Ibsa, Switzerland), The ratio of the biological activity of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) is 1:1. It is available in a dose of 75ME and 150ME (the dose is measured by FSH).

Bravel (Ferring, Germany) – urofollitropin (a highly purified follicle-stimulating hormone), is available in a dose of 75 MG FSH.

Previously existing menotropins-Pergonal, Metropin, Humegon – are not currently produced.

The use of estrogens in ART

Estrogens in transdermal (through the skin) or oral (through the mouth) forms are used:

• in programs using cryopreserved embryos
• in protocols of superovulation stimulation
• in patients with endometrial hyperplasia in surrogacy programs.

IVF pills: Proginova 2 mg (Delfarm, France) – dragee for oral administration.

Estrofem 2 mg (NOVO NORDISK, Denmark) – tablets for oral administration.

Divigel 0.5 and 1.0 (Orion Corporation, Finland) – gel for external use in single-dose packages.

Estrogel 2.5 mg (Besins, Belgium) – gel for external use, contains 1.5 mg of estradiol in tubes of 80 g with a measuring spatula.

The Council of Experts of the RARCH (Russian Association of Human Reproduction) recommends continuing estrogen therapy during the first trimester of pregnancy in the absence of their own yellow body, its functional insufficiency or endometrial hypoplasia.

When making a list of drugs that we use in our work, you can not choose the best one or make a universal scheme of stimulation. Depending on the clinical situation, the doctor individually selects the drug and its required dose.

! Attention ! All information on the drugs presented in this article is not intended as a prescription and cannot be used by patients independently without the appointment of the attending physician. The article is for informational purposes only.

Most likely, you have at least one friend who, after getting pregnant, said: “It happened at the exact moment when I stopped thinking about it.” It’s annoying, frustrating, and nerve-wracking, especially when all you want is to have a baby. What prevents you from getting pregnant?

It seems that nothing will work-but your friend is telling the truth. Stress can be one of the main reasons why you can’t get pregnant: high levels of the stress hormone cortisol can negatively affect fertility.

A study of American scientists who followed 400 couples trying to get pregnant found that women with high levels of alpha-amylase (a stress indicator) were 29% less likely to get pregnant than women with a normal indicator.

Experts say that constant stress reduces the production of hormones responsible for a stable cycle.

Relax and try to let go of the situation for a while. Learn to meditate, sign up for yoga.

Mistake #2: Doing too much/not enough

If you’re going to do it – do it right! Many couples believe that if you” save ” sperm and do not have sex for a week, the chances of conception will increase significantly. This is not true. After about a week of abstinence, sperm motility decreases markedly.

For successful conception, doctors recommend having sex every day or every other day for a week before and including the day of ovulation. More frequent sex can negatively affect the ability of sperm to fertilize, and if you do it less often – you can skip the window of conception.

So, if your sex life has long been not as stormy as at the beginning of the relationship, this is a good reason to diversify it.

It would seem that the 21st century is in the yard, but many women still continue to believe in the miraculous power of douching. It seems that everything is logical: with any infection, improper nutrition, the presence of bad habits, the environment in the vagina becomes acidic.

Sperm in such an environment dies and cannot fertilize the egg, so many people use a weak solution of soda to make the environment alkaline and create favorable conditions for conception. But doctors are opposed to this method: soda kills not only harmful microorganisms, but also useful ones, thus violating the natural pH of the vagina.

In addition, douching with soda can exacerbate inflammatory processes and diseases such as erosion and damage to the cervix, which a woman often does not know about without visiting a gynecologist.

If the attempt to get pregnant fails, remember that you can use, for example, clomid, taking it, you increase your chances of pregnancy.

Trying to get pregnant: Don’t blame yourself

Speaking about infertility, we usually believe that the problem is on the part of the woman. But in reality, the responsibility lies equally with both partners.

Doctors say that in 40% of cases of infertility, the cause should be sought from the man, and in another 40% – from the woman. The remaining 20% is compatibility, a combination of both partners. But don’t panic too soon.

Remember that a healthy couple needs from 6 months to a year to successfully conceive.

The most common mistake is the wrong definition of the day of ovulation. In most women, it occurs in the middle of the cycle, but this applies to women with a 28-32-day cycle. Ovulation usually occurs 14 days before the start of menstruation. Therefore, if you have a 24-day cycle, then ovulation will occur on day 10.

If your cycle is noticeably longer, say 42 days, then it can be assumed that you ovulate less frequently, not in every cycle. In this case, as well as if you have an irregular cycle (in this case, ovulation can be both on day 6 and on day 21), or you do not remember when you last had your period, forget these rules.

Another mistake when trying to get pregnant

A lot has already been said on this topic, but it will not be superfluous to repeat it: it is necessary to give up bad habits at least a year before trying to get pregnant.

Why do women continue to drink alcohol and smoke, knowing how harmful this affects the ability to conceive? Doctors around the world warn: the first trimester is the most important in the formation of the child’s body. There is no amount of alcohol that is safe for him.

But some expectant mothers, drinking alcohol in the early stages, do not yet know that they are pregnant. Therefore, if you do not protect yourself, in relation to alcohol and cigarettes, act as if you are already pregnant-simply, do not use it or at least reduce it to a minimum.

The main purpose of Clomid is to induce ovulation in women who do not ovulate or do not ovulate regularly. Between 70 and 80 percent of women taking Clomid will ovulate during the first cycle of treatment. Of course, ovulation is only the first step. Your chance of getting pregnant within a few cycles is approximately 35 percent. If you haven’t gotten pregnant in six months, it’s time to switch to another treatment.

What are the chances that Clomid will work in the first month?

Depending on which studies you refer to, the probability of conception within a single cycle of Clomid treatment is between 7 and 30 percent. The effectiveness of Clomid varies depending on the cause of infertility.

Keep in mind that those who do not have fertility problems are about 25 percent more likely to get pregnant in any given month. If you don’t get pregnant in a month, don’t panic. The need for more than one cycle is common.

What are the chances of getting pregnant after many cycles on clomid?

A literature review published in the journal Human Reproduction reviewed several studies on clomid. In total, Clomid success rates for more than 5,000 women were included. In this study, they found that:

• 73 percent eventually ovulated on clomid
• 36 percent eventually reached pregnancy
• 29 percent gave birth

The birth rate is lower than the pregnancy rate due to miscarriages. Clomid does not seem to increase the risk of miscarriage.

Other studies have reported that when using Clomid, the percentage of successful pregnancies is between 30 and 40 percent. Again, the birth rate will be lower due to pregnancy loss.

However, the success of Clomid (clomid ovulation) also depends on why you can’t get pregnant. Clomiphene citrate may work well for people with ovulation problems. But what if ovulation isn’t a problem?

Another study, conducted in Scotland, looked at success rates for couples who were found to have infertility. The couples were randomly assigned to one of three groups: “wait-and-see”, clomid-only treatment, or clomid with IUI. The most effective treatment group was the IUI plus Clomid group, which achieved a 22 percent fertility rate. The clomid – only treatment group did the same with couples who received no treatment at all.

Does the day you start treatment with clomid matter?

Clomid is taken for five days. Treatment can be started as early as the 2nd day of the menstrual cycle or as early as the 5th day. However, most doctors either prescribe clomid on days 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, or take it from you on days 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.

Does it matter which protocol your doctor chooses? Yes and no. In order to cause ovulation, treatment is carried out from day 5 to day 9. If your doctor wants to” improve ” ovulation, you will probably take Clomid on days 3 to 7.

However, when it comes to pregnancy and ovulation success rates, studies have found no advantages or disadvantages.

Your chances of getting pregnant are the same, regardless of which protocol your doctor prefers to start taking Clomid.

Remember that while you may be mostly familiar with clomid treatment and possibly IVF, there are actually many more infertility treatment options that you should consider. Always talk to your doctor if you’re concerned about the next step or if Clomid isn’t working as well as you hoped.

Clomiphene citrate (Clostilbegit, Clomid, and other trade names) is a fertility drug that has been used since the 1950s. Dr. mark P. Leondires of the Association of reproductive medicine of Connecticut claims that the drug was originally used for the treatment of breast cancer because it has anti-estrogenic properties. However, clomiphene has also been found to help induce ovulation, and there is a long and close association between it and pregnancy. As a result, it has since been used as a drug to stimulate natural ovulation in women who want to get pregnant.

In what cases can clomiphene help you get pregnant?

When it comes to clostylbegitis and pregnancy, who can take the drug and under what conditions?

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Doctors usually recommend clostilbegyt for the treatment of disorders of ovulation due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Infertility in violation of the menstrual cycle or ovulation

In addition, it can also be used to stimulate ovulation in women with unexplained infertility – in the event that, despite the normal physical condition and good laboratory results, it is not possible to conceive a child. Clomiphene is also sometimes used in combination with metformin (Glucophage, Siophor, and other trade names), a drug commonly used to regulate insulin levels, which can further promote ovulation.

In the case of assisted reproductive technologies

Clomiphene can also be used before applying various reproductive technologies to achieve pregnancy, including artificial insemination techniques to increase the chances of pregnancy.

What is the percentage of successful pregnancies when using clomid?

Although this drug is medically approved, and there is a long-known and close relationship between clomiphene and the onset of pregnancy, there is no conclusive evidence of its effectiveness for every woman. If you are trying to get pregnant, you will probably want to know if taking clostylbegit will help you to stimulate ovulation and conceive a child.

Some studies show that treatment with clomiphene in women with ovulation problems can lead to the fact that in most of them (about 80%) the egg is released from the ovaries during the first cycle of taking the drug.

However, ovulation does not mean pregnancy. The chances of getting pregnant during the first cycle are only 30%. And yet, this is almost the same as the usual chances of conceiving a child (25%) in couples who do not have fertility problems. Almost half of the couples treated with klostilbegit, it is possible to conceive during the first six months.

Therefore, you should not be disappointed if you do not get pregnant in the first month of treatment. Treatment with clomiphene is usually limited to 6 consecutive months.

How to get pregnant quickly on clomiphene?

There is some connection between taking clomiphene and pregnancy, as this drug may be effective for some women who want to conceive a child. But the question arises, how quickly to take advantage of this?

• Get the recipe – It is necessary to obtain a doctor’s prescription for the purchase of Clostylbegite or another analog. However, before the doctor writes a prescription, he will first evaluate how appropriate it is. Women who have been trying to get pregnant for less than a year may be advised to wait until treatment begins.
• You can save money by buying more affordable analogues – Such medications are not covered by insurance, and it may take several procedures before the attempt to conceive a child is successful. Instead of buying the brand Clomid or Clostylbegit, you can save money and request a prescription for more affordable analogues.
• Take the drug as prescribed – Tablets clostilbegyt or clomiphene is usually taken from the third to the seventh day of the menstrual cycle. However, some doctors may advise taking them on the fifth or ninth day of the cycle. It is important to remember that the 1st day of the cycle is the day when true menstrual bleeding (menstruation) begins, and not daub (light spotting).
• No need for a daily ultrasound – Your doctor may suggest you to follow the effect of receiving clomiphene for ovulation, every day of the ultrasound examination. This procedure does not guarantee that pregnancy will occur. So, this is just an expensive way to monitor, and you can opt out of it to save money.
• Sex every other day – Starting from the seventh day of the cycle, you can plan sexual acts every other day, so that spermatozoa have time to form in the partner’s body. Avoid having more frequent sex, as this can reduce your chances of getting pregnant.
• Make sure to start ovulating with a test – To check whether ovulation has started, you can use a special test for this. You can buy it without a prescription. He is able to show that it is time for conception. If the ovulation test is positive, sexual intercourse should continue for two consecutive days. After that, you should return to the normal schedule.
• Check if you are pregnant – On the 28th day or later, with the help of a home pregnancy test, you can check how successful the treatment is. You don’t have to wait too long to find out!

Negative consequences from trying to get pregnant with Clostilbegyt

Although there is a link between taking Clostylbegit and pregnancy, side effects may occur when using it, and they should be given special attention.

Minor side effects

Like all other medications, clostylbegit can cause some side effects. These include abdominal pain and swelling, weakness, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, blurred vision, fatigue, headache, depression, and weight gain. Some women may develop ovarian cysts.

The birth of twins

Women who are treated with fertility drugs have a 10% chance of having twins. This is due to the release of more than one egg per cycle as a result of drug stimulation of ovulation. In rare cases, triple or even larger multiple pregnancies also develop, which can increase the risk of complications such as miscarriage.

Emotional aspects

Infertility treatment can be a source of emotional stress due to waiting and the lengthy treatment process. Therefore, a woman will need the support of a partner or friend to go through all the doctor’s examinations and follow-up steps related to treatment.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

The use of clomiphene citrate together with other powerful fertility drugs sometimes leads to the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). This condition is characterized by bloating and increased body weight. Some women also experience shortness of breath, pelvic pain, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. This condition occurs when the ovaries produce multiple eggs. At the same time, they become several times larger than their normal size, releasing fluid into the abdominal cavity. Usually, no treatment is required, although in some cases, hospitalization may be required for monitoring.

Ovarian cancer

While this is a concern, research shows that using fertility drugs does not necessarily increase the risk of ovarian cancer, even if the course takes more than 12 months.

Does ovulation happen before menstruation – this question torments a lot of women. Fertilization of the egg is possible only if ovulation occurs before the cycle. The best time for pregnancy is in the middle of the menstrual cycle. Ovulation before menstruation occurs, but very rarely, in such cases, two eggs mature, and a woman can give birth to twins. In this case, this may occur either due to the onset of repeated ovulation, or due to a failure of the cycle.

How long before the appearance of bloody discharge should ovulation occur

After a follicle has formed in the ovary, the inner lining of the uterus begins to increase. After that, the egg enters the fallopian tube, this moment comes about two weeks after menstruation, until the 16th day before it. These processes are extremely important for the intended fertilization of the egg.

After the egg enters the body of the uterus, spermatozoa also penetrate here, also through the fallopian tube, only on the other side. Only after the meeting of the egg with the sperm is fertilization performed. If this does not happen, the egg is excreted by the body outside, that is, menstruation occurs. It turns out that you can get pregnant a week before your period, although the chances are not so great. 5 days before their onset – even less.

Gynecologists believe that the optimal cycle of menstruation is 28 days, the time for conception is the middle of the cycle. At this point, everything is in place for a successful fusion of the egg with the sperm.

How long does the ovulation period last

Those women who plan to conceive, keep a calendar of ovulation dates. And this is correct: in order for conception to occur for sure, you need to know the period and duration. Based on the total duration of menstruation, the ovulatory period occurs:

• with a cycle of 21 days for 5-9 days;
• with 25 after 9-13 days;
• with 30 for 16-20 days;
• with 35 for 19-23 days.

Provided that the monthly regularity does not differ, then it is extremely difficult to correctly calculate the day of the onset of the ovulatory period. In this case, it is better to use other, more accurate methods of deduction. It lasts for each woman in different ways.

Answering the question whether there can be ovulation before the most monthly, we come to an unambiguous – in most cases it can not. It happened that women got pregnant before their periods – such cases are very rare.

Gynecology knows cases when women get pregnant on the day of the cycle, which is considered completely zero. This is explained by changes in the hormonal background, this happens against the background of emotional state, stress and other factors.

Due to severe stress, the menstrual cycle can shift, affecting the period of ovulation. As a result, two ovaries are able to secrete an egg. Not necessarily on the same day, it can happen on different days, and pregnancy will occur during menstruation.

Can it come sooner

In cases where a woman’s cycle is 35 days, even if she is absolutely healthy and her monthly periods come regularly, the release of a mature egg may occur earlier. And the fertile period-later for a week or a little longer.

This can provoke:

• Hormonal disorders in the body.
• Emotional overstrain and stress.
• Weakened immune system.
• Exacerbation of chronic diseases.
• Violation of metabolic processes Overeating or, conversely, starvation.
• Sudden climate change.
• Heavy physical activity

The fertile period may also shift due to the withdrawal of contraceptive drugs, after an abortion or due to a miscarriage.

Does the absence of ovulation before pregnancy mean conception

You can conceive a child only when a woman has matured an egg. The absence of ovulation indicates that this process does not occur in the body of the expectant mother. This means that there can be no question of any pregnancy. In such cases, you need to go to the gynecologist and find out the cause of what is happening. The root cause of this may be a hormonal imbalance.

You can correct it with a specially selected therapy. If the cause cannot be established, doctors resort to radical methods, for example, during the period of alleged ovulation, the patient is injected with a drug that causes the formation and maturation of the follicle with the further release of the egg.

Is it possible to fertilize an egg after ovulation

No, a miracle, in this case, will not happen. A day after ovulation, women have a period that gynecologists call absolute infertility. For those who do not know the answer to the question of whether there can be ovulation before menstruation, we explain the essence of what is happening during the ovulatory period.

Ovulation divides the monthly cycle into two parts. The first is the phase of follicle maturation (duration, on average, 6-9 days). The second is the yellow body phase, the duration of this period lasts, depending on the cycle, and is, on average, 14 days. The second refers to the period of absolute infertility.

Pregnancy does not occur because a mature and ready-to-fertilize egg lives only 24 hours. Sometimes it can live even less. After it begins to collapse.

Can the ovulatory period occur before menstruation

The moment when the egg enters the uterus depends on the hormonal level and the duration of the follicular phase. In some young girls, these processes are very slow. Ovulation and pregnancy before menstruation are possible, due to the fact that the first phase becomes a little longer than usual. The primary cause of this may be a deficiency of the hormone estradiol. The moment of ovulation in such cases falls on the day of the beginning of menstruation, and the cycle itself should move.

Menstruation can not begin at the time of rupture of the follicle, because here comes the luteal phase, which lasts 14 days plus / minus 2 days.

If the ovulation period occurred at the beginning of the cycle and at this point the couple had unprotected contact, then the probability of fertilization remains high. In women in such cases, it is believed that ovulation occurred just before menstruation. In fact, the cycle, or rather its duration, has increased due to the follicular phase.

Probability of fertilization a week before the cycle

If pregnancy is not included in the family plans, then you need to be protected before the cycle constantly, even for a week. Although ovulation can not occur a week before menstruation, there is a chance of fertilization. This applies to young girls and women on the verge of menopause. In medical practice, such cases have happened. The reason for this may be too long periods, irregular cycles or severe stress loads.

The calendar schedule of pregnancy protection in such cases does not work, the probability of unwanted fertilization increases. In cases where the release of a mature egg fell on the period a week before the cycle, the woman must necessarily feel the characteristic symptoms of the fertile phase.

Is there a chance of pregnancy a day or two before the cycle

Many women believe that this is impossible. This statement is false, in fact, there is such a probability, although it is scanty. If a woman is absolutely healthy, then the greatest chances of pregnancy, namely 95%, fall in the middle of the cycle, the chance of fertilization of the egg a day before menstruation is reduced to 1 %, but it still exists. Gynecologists believe that unwanted pregnancies in women occur due to the fact that they simply incorrectly calculate the ovulatory period or because of a violation of the cycle itself.

Can ovulation be more than once

In almost all healthy women, ovulation occurs repeatedly during their lifetime. The regularity of the cycle does not play any role here. The approximate time of the second one is 24 hours or 2/3 days after the first one. The maximum difference is 1/1. 5 weeks in the same cycle. This fact is explained by the fact that both ovaries simultaneously matured eggs. At the time of release, the second hormone level decreases, but the probability of fertilization remains.

In conclusion: ovulation before menstruation

Summing up all the above, it can be noted that even the healthiest representative of the fair sex can have shifts in the ovulatory phase – this is the answer to the main question, which was mentioned above, whether there can be ovulation a week before menstruation, a day or just before them.

Such deviations are temporary, most often the regularity of the cycle is restored by itself. If this is a consequence of pathological changes in the body, then you can not do without the help of doctors.